Superiority Comes from Character, Not Blood
Darwin's portraying human beings as a developed species of animal and his presentation of some races as not yet having completed their development, and as species closer to animals was intensely dangerous and destructive in human history. Those who took this claim of Darwin's as their guide mercilessly oppressed other races, forced them to live under the harshest conditions, and even exterminated them.
Bryan Appleyard, author of the book Brave New Worlds, explains the tyrannical mentality underlying racism, and the results of it, in this way:
The point is that once people decide you are a lesser creature for whatever reason, either superstitious or scientific, there appears to be no limit to what cruelty they may inflict on you. And they are likely to inflict that cruelty feeling fully justified, because it is but a small step from believing another human being is inferior to believing that he is bad, dangerous, or threatening to 'superior' beings. Indeed, some may generalize the point even further and insist that all 'inferior' beings are dangerous because they threaten the life or health of the entire human race. They may then advocate sterilization, restrictions on marriage, or even murder to prevent the outcast's assault on the integrity of the species. 42
All human beings, however, are created the same. Every one was created by Allah (God). The Qur'an announces human beings' creation in this way:
He who has created all things in the best possible way. He commenced the creation of man from clay; then produced his seed from an extract of base fluid; then formed him and breathed His Spirit into him and gave you hearing, sight and hearts. What little thanks you show! (Surat al-Sajda: 7-9)
As the above verses reveal, human beings carry the soul Allah breathed into them. Every human being, with no racial difference, thinks, feels, loves, suffers, feels excitement, and knows love, affection, and compassion. And every human being also knows tyranny, contempt, and difficulty. For this reason, all though history, those who believe people of other races to be semi-developed animals and mistreat them, those who offend, oppress, exploit even one person, and those who support these practices with the false evidence and theories they produced, have committed a great sin in their ignorance.
In our time there exist cultures of relatively undeveloped human societies. These people have all human characteristics, but they lack those criteria which, from technical and cultural aspects, generally rule the world. For reasons of the climate they live in and natural conditions, many communities have lived isolated from general world society and have developed very different cultures. But in each one there exist all the features, customs, and habits common to humanity. Those with hidden agendas, and those who have seen advantage in racism, enthusiastically embraced Darwin's theory and accepted these people, who were no different from other humans, as members of an inferior race and even animals. As a result of this view, even in our day people have emerged who oppress and despise backward people and communities on the grounds they have not evolved sufficiently.
Allah, however, completely forbids racism. Allah created every human being, in different colours and speaking different tongues. This is an indication of the art and variety of Allah's creation:
Among His Signs is the creation of the heavens and earth and the variety of your languages and colours. There are certainly Signs in that for every being. (Surat ar-Rum: 22)
In Allah's sight the only superiority is a person's character, his avoiding all types of sin and rebellion, degeneracy and deviation, and the superior morality deriving from his piety. Apart from his piety no human can have any superiority to any other deriving from any of his features. Allah reveals this in a verse:
Mankind! We created you from a male and female, and made you into peoples and tribes so that you might come to know each other. The noblest among you in Allah's sight is the one with the most piety (who best performs his duty to Allah). Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware. (Surat al-Hujurat: 13)
1- Robert Wright, The Moral Animal, Vintage Books, New York: 1994, p.7
2- Anton Pannekoek, Marxism and Darwinism, Translated by Nathan Weiser, Chicago, Charles H. Kerr &Company, 1912, http://csf.colorado.edu/psn/marx/Other/Pannekoek /Archive/1912-Darwin/
3- Theodore D. Hall, The Scientific Background of the Nazi "Race Purification Program, http://www.trufax.org/avoid/nazi.html
4- Francis Darwin, The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, D. Appleton and Co., 1896, vol. 2, p.294
5- Stephen Jay Gould, The Mismeasure of Man, W.W. Norton and Company, New York, 1981, p. 72
6- Jacques Barzun, Darwin, Marx, Wagner, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1958, pp.94-95, cited in Henry M. Morris, The Long war Against God, Baker Book House, 1989, p. 70
7- A.E. Wilder-Smith, Man's Origin Man's Destiny, The Word for Today Publishing, 1993, p.166.
8- Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, 2nd edition, New York, A L. Burt Co., 1874, p. 178
9- Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, 2nd edition, New York, A L. Burt Co., 1874, p. 171
10- Godfrey Lienhardt, Social Anthropology, Oxford University Press, p. 11
11- Benjamin Farrington, What Darwin Really Said, London: Sphere Books, 1971, pp. 54-56
12- James Ferguson, "The Laboratory of Racism, New Scientist, vol. 103, (September 1984, p. 18)
13- Lalita Prasad Vidyarthi, Racism, Science and Pseudo-Science, Unesco, France, Vendôme, 1983. p. 54
14- David N. Menton, Ph.D., The Religion of Nature: Social Darwinism, St. Louis MetroVoice, September 1994, Vol. 4, No. 9
15- Stephen Jay Gould, Ever Since Darwin, W. W. Norton & Company, New York 1992, p. 217
16- Stephen Jay Gould, Ever Since Darwin, W. W. Norton & Company, New York 1992, p. 220
17- Alaeddin Şenel, Irk ve Irkçılık Düşüncesi (The Idea of Race and Racism), Ankara:Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları, 1993, p. 67-68
18- Thomas Gossett, Race: The History of an Idea in America, Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1963, p.81 cited in Alaeddin Şenel, Irk ve Irkçılık Düşüncesi (The Idea of Race and Racism), Ankara:Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları, 1993, p. 68
19- Jacques Attali, 1492, Librairie Arthème Fayard, 1991, p.197
20- François de Fontette, Le Racisme (Racism), 6th ed. Presses Universitaires de France, 1988, p. 40-41
21- James Joll, Europe Since 1870: An International History, Penguin Books, Middlesex, 1990, p. 102-103
22- Kenneth J. Hsü., reply to comment on "Darwin's Three Mistakes, Geology, vol. 15, April 1987, p. 377
23- Süleyman Kocabaş, Hindistan Yolu ve Petrol Uğruna Yapılanlar: Türkiye ve İngiltere (The Road to India and What Has Been Done for the Sake of Oil: Turkey and Britain), 1.baskı, İstanbul: Vatan Yayınları, 1985, s. 231
24- Francis Darwin, The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Vol.I, 1888. New York D. Appleton and Company, p.285-286
25- Henry M. Morris, The Long War Against God, Baker Book House, 1989, p. 70
26- Henry M. Morris, The Long War Against God, Baker Book House, 1989, p. 71
27- Thomas Gossett, Race: The History of an Idea in America, Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1963, p.188
28- Alaeddin Şenel, Irk ve Irkçılık Düşüncesi (The Idea of Race and Racism), Ankara:Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları, 1993, p. 85-90
29- Henry Fairfield Osborn, "The Evolution of Human Races, Natural History, April 1980, p. 129 reprinted from January/February 1926 issue
30- François de Fontette, Le Racisme (Racism), 6th ed. Presses Universitaires de France, 1988, p. 101
31- François de Fontette, Le Racisme (Racism), 6th ed. Presses Universitaires de France, 1988, p. 105
32- Jani Roberts, How New-Darwinism Justified Taking Land From Aborigines and Murdering Them in Australia, http://www.gn.apc.org/inquirer/ausrace.html
33- Jani Roberts, How New-Darwinism Justified Taking Land From Aborigines and Murdering Them in Australia, http://www.gn.apc.org/inquirer/ausrace.html
34- Jani Robert, How New-Darwinism Justified Taking Land From Aborigines and Murdering Them in Australia, http://www.gn.apc.org/inquirer/ausrace.html
35- Creation Ex Nihilo, Vol 14, No. 2, March-May 1992, p. 17
36- Philadelphia Daily News, 28 April 1997
37- Philips Verner Bradford, Harvey Blume, Ota Benga, The Pygmy in the Zoo, Canada, October 1993 p. 269
38- Philips Verner Bradford, Harvey Blume, Ota Benga, The Pygmy in the Zoo, Canada, October 1993, p. 267
39- Philips Verner Bradford, Harvey Blume, Ota Benga, The Pygmy in the Zoo, Canada, October 1993, p. 266
40- Philips Verner Bradford, Harvey Blume, Ota Benga, The Pygmy in the Zoo, Canada, October 1993, p.264
41- Philips Verner Bradford, Harvey Blume, Ota Benga, The Pygmy in the Zoo, Canada, October 1993, p. 259
42- Bryan Appleyard, Brave New Worlds, Harper Collins Publishers, London 1999, p. 49-50
